Variability in dehulling efficiency, colour, chemical composition and selected functional properties of raw and pretreated bambara groundnut. Origin and ecology of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. This legume is grown for its underground seeds, which are formed in pods on or just below the ground, much like the similar but distinct peanut. Bambara groundnut agrifoodgateway horticulture international. Preparation of whole, dehulled and hull bambara groundnut flour. The nuts were carefully selected, crushed and processed to obtain this high quality foodgrade flour product details. Bambara groundnuts also known as ground peas, is a minor leguminous crop in subsaharan africa adapted to various climatic and ecological conditions. The offal is produced after splitting the seeds in an attrition mill to remove the shells, winnowing to remove loosened testa and converting the cotyledons into fine flour by milling several times followed by sieving. Descriptors for bambara groundnut vigna subterranea. An updated and revised an updated and revised list was developed by the international bambara groundnut network bamnet and. Peanuts, arachis hypogaea is a legume species, and native to south america, mexico and central america. As this manual will be mostly used during the training that happens among the village communities, its contents are based upon the cbt style. Africa, voandzou, nzama malawi, indhlubu and underground bean.
Bambara groundnut is a leguminous crop of african origin. Quantities were divided into three equal portions and applied at. The bambara groundnut is also called the congo groundnut, congo goober, madagascar groundnut, earth pea, baffin pea, njugo bean s. A plant which bears its nutlike seeds underground, such as a peanut or bambara groundnut. Conservation and improvement of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l.
Evaluation of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea for yield stability and yield related characteristics. Nigeria is believed to be one of the centres of origin of this crop, and possesses extensive bambara groundnut genetic resources tanimu aliyu, 1997. The potential of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea in. Selection of high yielding and farmers preferred genotypes. Biscuits prepared without bambara groundnut flour were kept as control. Asia asia has the largest area of groundnut cultivation in the world contributing to 67% of the total production in 2007. The topsoil must thus have a low clay content less than 20% with a loose structure so that the peg may penetrate the soil freely.
For this, bambara groundnut seeds were soaked in tap water, manually decorticated, sun dried and milled into fine flour. The groundnut pod is produced underground at the tip of the pegs. The cake puncture test gives an indication of the tex ture and lightness of the cake while the cake height measurements show the extent to which the batter has risen. Flavonoids and tannin composition of bambara groundnut vigna. Pods are buried beneath the ground, each pod bearing one or two seeds. Groundnut definition is any of several plants having edible tuberous roots. Effect of bambara groundnut flour vigna subterranea l. In recent centuries the onceobscure peanut has expanded so dramatically as to become one of the worlds top crops. And the aim of this study was to enhance the nutritional value of wheat bread through the addition of bambara groundnut flour to wheat four. An annual herbaceous plant, that grows almost to ground level, with very slender stems, leaves that are opposite and pinnate with four leaflets, flowers that are peashaped, and fruits. Vigna subterranea ripens its pods underground, much like the peanut also called a groundnut. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to edit the linking article so that it links directly to the intended article. Thus, it could be suggested that the optimum cooking time and temperature for bambara groundnut seeds is 60minutes at 100 o c.
Its seeds are highly nutritious and we can consider them a complete food. Of particular importance to africa, the peanut there mostly known as groundnut contributes substantial nutrition to roughly threedozen nations encompassing two vast belts, one stretching from senegal to the central african republic and the other from sudan to south africa. The levels of proximate composition, minerals, antinutrients, fibre components and calculated parameters for mineral bioavailability were determined in the testa. The mean quality score of the biscuits decreased with the level of the bambara groundnut flour was increased. Postharvest storage systems and insect pests occurring on. Fertiliser usage may be linked to the development of certain diseases. Pdf evaluation of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea for. It is therefore, a difficult crop to harvest mechanically. Easily share your publications and get them in front of issuus. A farmers guide to profitable groundnut production in nigeria. Water use characteristics of a bambara groundnut vigna. This page is an index of articles on plant species or higher taxonomic groups with the same common name vernacular name. Bambara groundnut flour was supplemented with wheat flour at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% level. International bambara groundnut network bamnet pages.
The centre of origin is most likely northeastern nigeria and northern cameroon, in west africa. It is always advisable to conduct soil tests and apply fertiliser according to the recommended rates. Environmental stresses are important limiting factors for crops production. It is highly nutritious, and has been termed a complete food. The seed were first of all ground and spread under the sun for few hours. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Assessment of the nutritive value of bambara groundnut as. Bambara groundnut pods, shells and offal are the byproduct of processing the seeds into flour for human consumption.
Okpabambara puddinghow to cook okpaokpa wawabambara nut with egg. Nodulation, nitrogen yield and fixation by bambara. Bambara groundnut by bioversity international issuu. It is a highly caloric plant with 387 kcal100 g, rich in vitamins, minerals and very balanced protein components 2, 3, 4. Bambara nut, bambarabean, congo goober, earth pea, groundbean, or hogpeanut is a member of the family fabaceae. Samples were collected in cameroon from three location sites of the humidforest zone. A farmers guide to profitable groundnut production in nigeria fmard federal ministry of agriculture and rural development icrisat is a member of the cgiar consortium science with a human face about icrisat the international crops research institute for the semiarid tropics icrisat is a nonprofit, nonpolitical organization that. Bambara ground nut, processing, storage, shelling, rhumb u, north eastern nigeria received for publication. The nutlike tuber of such a plant, especially peanuts. Similarly, bambara ground nut protein was inferior to both soy isolate and egg al bumen as a gelling agent and an emulsifier table 6. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea pods, shells and.
Nitrogen fertilizer levels main plot under experiment were either 30 or 60 kg n fad. However, research on the crop still lags behind that of other. Bambara flour was higher in protein than wheat flour. Bambara beans have rich nutritional value that makes them essential for enhancement of human health. Further research on both macro and micro nutrients iden tified bambara nut as one of the important sources of. Proximate analysis, characterisation and utilization of. When nitrogen content is high in the soil, bambara groundnut usually produces mostly only a few pods and seeds on the top surface. A corona manual grain was used to mill bgn to allow easier manual removal of hulls to.
Bambara groundnut is indigenous to subsaharan africa where it is widely cultivated. This bambara book is designed in the behalf of the peace corps trainees learning bambara to help them meet the needs of peace corps mali in terms of their linguistic and cultural training as volunteers. Assessment of microbial changes and nutritional qualities. This is pure bambara nut flour with no additives whatsoever.
Pdf variability in dehulling efficiency, colour, chemical composition and selected functional properties of raw and pretreated bambara. The botanical name for groundnut, arachis hypogaea linn. Isolation and screening of indigenous bambara groundnut. Bambara bean, bambara groundnut, congo goober, ground bean, hogpeanut, congo groundnut, earth pea, njugo bean, congo earth pea, kaffir pea, madagascar groundnut, stone groundnut english. The species is also grown to a lesser extent in some asian countries such as india, malaysia, philippines and thailand. Cultural management practices of groundnut p janila and mg mula 2015 science with a human face government of odisha. Bambara groundnut vigna subterrenea l verdc is a major source of vegetable protein in subsaharan africa. The health benefits of bambara groundnut are due to the abundance of some nutrients, which are present in them. Growth and production of soybeans and growth and production of oil palm. Groundnut definition of groundnut by merriamwebster.
Bambara groundnut, also known as vigna subterranea, is a leguminous plant. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea seeds feedipedia. It can be prepared in different ways for consumption. There is an urgent need to increase the bambara groundnut yield through developing high yielding varieties, proper package of practices. Despite its name and appearance, groundnut is not a nut, but rather a species in the legume or bean family. This plant is native to south america and has never been found uncultivated. Groundnut, or peanut, is commonly called the poor mans nut. The crop trust has supported 2 projects for bambara groundnut benin. Enrichment of food blends with bambara groundnut flour. Peanuts, popularly known as groundnuts, monkey nuts, pig nuts, etc belong to the fabaceae bean family. The bambara nut voandeia subteranea was collected from eke awka market in awka south local government area of anambra state. Iitaand gtz publication, bambara groundnut descriptors1987. It is popular among subsistence farmers in subsaharan african.
Previous research, using plain bambara groundnut seed colours, showed an association between seed colour and drought tolerance, with darkercol. A climbing vine, apios americana, of eastern north america, having fragrant brownish flowers and small edible tubers. Utilization of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. The decreasing trend in the level of saturation is in accordance with the report of fapojuwoet al.